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Instruction offered by members of the Department of Mathematics and Statistics in the Faculty of Science.
Notes:
- For listings of related courses, see Actuarial Science and Statistics.
- Not all Senior courses are offered every year.
- Effective Fall 2018, all Applied Mathematics and Pure Mathematics courses have been renamed as Mathematics with a change in course number in some cases. Please refer to the descriptions of the individual Mathematics courses for details. Students enrolled in any program that requires any Applied Mathematics or Pure Mathematics course should use the corresponding Mathematics course as replacement.
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Mathematics
177
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Further Topics from Mathematics 277
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Vector functions and differentiation, curves and parametrization, functions of several variables, partial differentiation, differentiability, implicit functions, extreme values.
Course Hours:
0.75 units; E(16 hours)
Prerequisite(s):
Mathematics 211 and 267.
Notes:
Designed to rectify a deficiency for those students whose Calculus I and II courses covered all the topics from Mathematics 265 and 267 but did not cover some of the topics on the calculus of functions of several variables from Mathematics 277.
NOT INCLUDED IN GPA
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Junior Courses
Note: Students who have not studied mathematics for some time are strongly advised to review high school material thoroughly prior to registering in any junior level mathematics course.
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Mathematics
205
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Mathematical Explorations
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A mathematics appreciation course. Topics selected by the instructor to provide a contemporary mathematical perspective and experiences in mathematical thinking. May include historical material on the development of classical mathematical ideas as well as the evolution of recent mathematics.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-1)
Prerequisite(s):
Mathematics 30-1, Mathematics 30-2, or Mathematics 2 (offered by Continuing Education).
Notes:
For students whose major interests lie outside the sciences. Highly recommended for students pursuing an Elementary School Education degree. It is not a prerequisite for any other course offered by the Department of Mathematics and Statistics, and cannot be used for credit towards any Major or Minor program in the Faculty of Science except for a major in General Mathematics.
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Mathematics
209
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Applied and Computational Linear Algebra for Energy Engineers
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System of Linear Equations with Applications, Matrices and Matrix Operations, Determinants, Vectors in Two and Three – Space with Geometrical Applications. Emphasis on applications and computing techniques. Students will complete a software-based project.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-2)
Prerequisite(s):
Admission to the Energy Engineering Program.
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Mathematics
211
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Linear Methods I
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Systems of equations and matrices, vectors, matrix representations and determinants. Complex numbers, polar form, eigenvalues, eigenvectors. Applications.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-1)
Prerequisite(s):
A grade of 70 per cent or higher in Mathematics 30-1. (Alternatives are presented in C. Mathematics Competency Equivalents in the Academic Regulations section of this Calendar).
Antirequisite(s):
Credit for Mathematics 211 and 213 will not be allowed.
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Mathematics
213
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Linear Algebra I
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Systems of equations and matrices, vector spaces, subspaces, bases and dimension, linear transformations, determinants, eigenvalues and eigenvectors.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-1)
Prerequisite(s):
A grade of 80 per cent or higher in Mathematics 30-1.
Antirequisite(s):
Credit for Mathematics 213 and 211 will not be allowed.
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Mathematics
249
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Introductory Calculus
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Algebraic operations. Functions and graphs. Limits, derivatives, and integrals of exponential, logarithmic and trigonometric functions. Fundamental theorem of calculus. Improper integrals. Applications.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(4-1)
Prerequisite(s):
A grade of 70 per cent or higher in Mathematics 30-1. (Alternatives are presented in C. Mathematics Competency Equivalents in the Academic Regulations section of this Calendar).
Antirequisite(s):
Not open to students with 50 per cent or higher in Mathematics 31 or a grade of "C" or higher in Mathematics 3 offered through Áù¾ÅÉ«Ìà Continuing Education, except with special departmental permission. Credit for Mathematics 249 and either 265 or 275 will not be allowed.
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Mathematics
265
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University Calculus I
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Limits, derivatives, and integrals; the calculus of exponential, logarithmic, trigonometric and inverse trigonometric functions. Applications including curve sketching, optimization, exponential growth and decay, Taylor polynomials. Fundamental theorem of calculus. Improper integrals. Introduction to partial differentiation.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-1)
Prerequisite(s):
A grade of 70 per cent or higher in Mathematics 30-1; and a grade of 50 per cent or higher in Mathematics 31 or a grade of "C" or higher in Mathematics 3 offered through Áù¾ÅÉ«Ìà Continuing Education. (Alternatives to Mathematics 30-1 are presented in C. Mathematics Competency Equivalents in the Academic Regulations section of this Calendar).
Antirequisite(s):
Credit for Mathematics 265 and either 249 or 275 will not be allowed.
Notes:
This course provides the basic techniques of differential calculus as motivated by various applications. Students performing sufficiently well in a placement test may be advised to transfer directly to Mathematics 267.
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Mathematics
267
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University Calculus II
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Sequences and series, techniques of integration, multiple integration, applications; parametric equations.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-1)
Prerequisite(s):
One of Mathematics 249, 265 or 275.
Antirequisite(s):
Credit for Mathematics 267 and 277 will not be allowed.
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Mathematics
271
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Discrete Mathematics
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Proof techniques. Sets and relations. Induction. Counting and probability. Graphs and trees.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-1T-1)
Prerequisite(s):
Mathematics 211 or 213.
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Mathematics
273
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Numbers and Proofs
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Introduction to proofs. Functions, sets and relations. The integers: Euclidean division algorithm and prime factorization; induction and recursion; integers mod n. Real numbers: sequences of real numbers; completeness of the real numbers; open and closed sets. Complex numbers.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-1T-1)
Prerequisite(s):
A grade of 80 per cent or higher in Mathematics 30-1. (Alternatives are presented in C. Mathematics Competency Equivalents in the Academic Regulations section of this Calendar).
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Mathematics
275
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Calculus for Engineers and Scientists
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Calculus of functions of one real variable; derivative and Riemann integral; Mean Value Theorem; the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus; techniques of integration; Applications; Improper integrals; Power series, Taylor series.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-1T-1.5)
Prerequisite(s):
A grade of 70 per cent or higher in Mathematics 30-1; and credit in Mathematics 31 or Mathematics 3 offered through Áù¾ÅÉ«Ìà Continuing Education. Alternatively, admission to the Faculty of Engineering including credit in Mathematics 30-1; and Mathematics 31 or Mathematics 3 offered through Áù¾ÅÉ«Ìà Continuing Education.
Antirequisite(s):
Credit for Mathematics 275 and either 249 or 265 will not be allowed.Â
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Mathematics
277
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Multivariable Calculus for Engineers and Scientists
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Calculus of functions of several real variables; differentiation, implicit functions, double and triple integrals; applications; Vector-valued functions; derivatives and integrals; parametric curves.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-1T-1.5)
Prerequisite(s):
Mathematics 211 and 275.
Antirequisite(s):
Credit for Mathematics 277 and 267 will not be allowed.
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Mathematics
305
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Inside Mathematics
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An exploration of the usually tacit elements of mathematical concepts and processes, the course focuses on strategies for unpacking concepts and for sustained engagement in inquiry.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-1T)
Prerequisite(s):
Mathematics 211 or 213; and 271 or 273.
Notes:
This course will be co-taught by scholars from the Faculty of Science and Werklund School of Education.
Also known as:
(Education 305)
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Mathematics
307
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Complex Analysis I
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Complex numbers and functions, differentiation, Cauchy-Riemann equations, line integration, Cauchy’s theorem and Cauchy’s integral formula. Taylor’s theorem, the residue theorem, applications to computation of definite integrals.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-1T)
Prerequisite(s):
Mathematics 267.
Antirequisite(s):
Credit for Mathematics 307 and 423 will not be allowed.
Also known as:
(formerly Mathematics 421)
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Mathematics
311
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Linear Methods II
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Vector spaces and subspaces. Linear independence, matrix representations of linear transformations, Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-1T)
Prerequisite(s):
Mathematics 211 or 213.
Antirequisite(s):
Credit for Mathematics 311 and 313 will not be allowed.
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Mathematics
313
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Linear Algebra II
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Diagonalization, canonical forms, inner products, orthogonalization, spectral theory.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-1T)
Prerequisite(s):
Mathematics 213.
Antirequisite(s):
Credit for Mathematics 311 and 313 will not be allowed.
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Mathematics
315
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Algebra I
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Basic ring theory: rings and fields, the integers modulo n, Polynomial rings, polynomials over the integers and rationals, homomorphisms, ideals and quotients, principal ideal domains, adjoining the root of an irreducible polynomial; basic group theory: groups, examples including cyclic, symmetric, alternating and dihedral groups, subgroups, cosets and Lagrange’s theorem, normal subgroups and quotients, group homomorphisms, the isomorphism theorems, further topics as time permits, e.g., group actions, Cayley’s theorem.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-1T)
Prerequisite(s):
Mathematics 271 or 273.
Antirequisite(s):
Credit for Mathematics 315 and Pure Mathematics 317 will not be allowed.
Notes:
(formerly Pure Mathematics 315)
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Mathematics
318
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Introduction to Cryptography
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The basics of cryptography, with emphasis on attaining well-defined and practical notions of security. Symmetric and public-key cryptosystems; one-way and trapdoor functions; mechanisms for data integrity; digital signatures; key management; applications to the design of cryptographic systems. Assessment will primarily focus on mathematical theory and proof-oriented homework problems; additional application programming exercises will be available for extra credit.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-0)
Prerequisite(s):
Mathematics 271 or 273.
Antirequisite(s):
Credit for Mathematics 318 and any of Pure Mathematics 329, Computer Science 418, 429, or 557 will not be allowed.
Also known as:
(formerly Pure Mathematics 418)
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Mathematics
319
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Transformation Geometry
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Geometric transformations in the Euclidean plane. Frieze patterns. Wallpaper patterns. Tessellations.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-1T)
Prerequisite(s):
Mathematics 211 or 213; and one other 200-level course from the Field of Mathematics.
Also known as:
(formerly Pure Mathematics 319)
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Mathematics
325
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Introduction to Optimization
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Examples of optimization problems. Quadratic forms, minimum energy and distance. Least squares, generalized inverse. Location and classification of critical points. Variational treatment of eigenvalues. Lagrange multipliers. Linear programming.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-1T)
Prerequisite(s):
Mathematics 311 or 313; one of Mathematics 367, 377 or 331.
Also known as:
(formerly Applied Mathematics 425)
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Mathematics
327
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Number Theory
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Divisibility and the Euclidean algorithm, modular arithmetic and congruences, quadratic reciprocity, arithmetic functions, distribution of primes.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-0)
Prerequisite(s):
Mathematics 271 or 273.
Also known as:
(formerly Pure Mathematics 427)
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Mathematics
331
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Advanced Calculus for the Natural Sciences
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Linear ordinary differential equations, and systems of ordinary differential equations. Calculus of functions of several variables, double and triple integrals. Introduction to vector analysis, theorems of Green, Gauss and Stokes. Notions of probability and normal distribution. Introduction to the Fourier Transform.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-1T)
Prerequisite(s):
Mathematics 267 or 277; Mathematics 211 or 213.
Antirequisite(s):
Credit for Mathematics 331 and either 367 or 377 will not be allowed.
Notes:
This course is not part of the Field of Mathematics.
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Mathematics
335
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Analysis I
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Functions, countable and uncountable sets. The axioms and basic topology of the real numbers. Convergence of sequences, limits of functions, continuity and uniform continuity. Differentiability and the mean value theorem. The Riemann integral and the fundamental theorem of calculus. Series and convergence tests.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-1T)
Prerequisite(s):
Mathematics 267 or 277; Mathematics 271 or 273.
Antirequisite(s):
Credit for Mathematics 335 and 355 will not be allowed.
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Mathematics
355
|
Enriched Analysis I
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Functions, countable and uncountable sets. The axioms and basic topology of the real numbers. Convergence of sequences, limits of functions, continuity and uniform continuity. Differentiability and the mean value theorem. The Riemann integral and the fundamental theorem of calculus. Series and convergence tests.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-1T)
Prerequisite(s):
Mathematics 267 or 277; 271 or 273.
Antirequisite(s):
Credit for Mathematics 355 and 335 will not be allowed.
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Mathematics
361
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Linear Spaces with Applications
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Canonical forms. Inner product spaces, invariant subspaces and spectral theory. Quadratic forms.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-1T)
Prerequisite(s):
Mathematics 311 or a grade of "B+" or higher in Mathematics 213; Mathematics 267 or 277.
Antirequisite(s):
Credit for Mathematics 361 and 313 will not be allowed.
Also known as:
(formerly Mathematics 411)
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Mathematics
367
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University Calculus III
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Functions of several variables; limits, continuity, differentiability, partial differentiation, applications including optimization and Lagrange multipliers. Vector functions, line integrals and surface integrals, Green’s theorem, Stokes’ theorem. Divergence theorem. Students will complete a project using a computer algebra system.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-1T)
Prerequisite(s):
Mathematics 267 or 277; Mathematics 211 or 213.
Antirequisite(s):
Credit for Mathematics 367 and either 331 or 377 will not be allowed.
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Mathematics
371
|
Combinatorics and Graph Theory
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Counting techniques, generating functions, inclusion-exclusion, introduction to graph theory.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-0)
Prerequisite(s):
Mathematics 271 or 273; and one of Mathematics 249, 265 or 275.
Also known as:
(formerly Pure Mathematics 471)
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Mathematics
375
|
Differential Equations for Engineers and Scientists
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Definition, existence and uniqueness of solutions; first order and higher order equations and applications; Homogeneous systems; Laplace transform; partial differential equations of mathematical physics.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-1.5T)
Prerequisite(s):
Mathematics 277 or both Mathematics 267 and 177.
Antirequisite(s):
Credit for Mathematics 375 and either 376 or Applied Mathematics 311 will not be allowed.
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Mathematics
376
|
Differential Equations I
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Classification of ordinary differential equations, first and second order equations with applications, series solutions about regular points and singular points, special functions, Laplace transform.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-1T)
Prerequisite(s):
Mathematics 267 or 277.
Antirequisite(s):
Credit for Mathematics 376 and 375 or Applied Mathematics 307 will not be allowed.
Also known as:
(formerly Applied Mathematics 311)
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Mathematics
377
|
Vector Calculus for Engineers and Scientists
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Review of calculus of functions of several variables. Vector fields, line integrals, independence of path, Green’s theorem; Surface integrals, divergence theorem, Stokes’ theorem; applications; curvilinear co-ordinates; Laplace, diffusion and wave equations in three dimensional space.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-1.5T)
Prerequisite(s):
Mathematics 375.
Antirequisite(s):
Credit for Mathematics 377 and either 331 or 367 will not be allowed.
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Mathematics
383
|
Introduction to Mathematical Finance
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An introduction to the fundamental concepts of mathematical finance in an elementary setting. Topics include: risk, return, no arbitrage principle; basic financial derivatives: options, forwards and future contracts; risk free assets, time value of money, zero coupon bonds; risky assets, binomial tree model, fundamental theorem of asset pricing; portfolio management and capital asset pricing model; no arbitrage pricing of financial derivatives; hedging.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-1T)
Prerequisite(s):
Statistics 321.
Also known as:
(formerly Applied Mathematics 481)
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Mathematics
401
|
Special Topics
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Higher level topics which can be repeated for credit.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-0)
Prerequisite(s):
Consent of the Department.
MAY BE REPEATED FOR CREDIT
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Mathematics
403
|
Topics in Mathematics for Economics
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Techniques of integration. Multiple integrals. Analysis of functions. Continuity. Compact sets. Convex sets. Separating hyperplanes. Lower and upper hemi-continuous correspondences. Fixed point theorems, Optimal control.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-0)
Prerequisite(s):
Mathematics 211 or 213; Mathematics 267 or 277 or both Economics 387 and 389.
Notes:
This course is not part of the Field of Mathematics.
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Mathematics
413
|
Introduction to Partial Differential Equations
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First order partial differential equations, Sturm-Liouville systems, Fourier series, Double Fourier series, Fourier integrals, Applications to boundary value problems in bounded and unbounded domains, Bessel function with applications.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-1T)
Prerequisite(s):
One of Mathematics 375, 376, 331 or Applied Mathematics 311; and Mathematics 331 or 367 or 377
Also known as:
(formerly Applied Mathematics 413)
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Mathematics
415
|
Mathematical Methods
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Mathematical analysis of linear systems. Fourier and Laplace transforms, applications and numerical methods. Functions of a complex variable and applications.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-1T)
Prerequisite(s):
One of Mathematics 331, 367, 375, 376 or Applied Mathematics 311.
Notes:
This course is not part of the Field of Mathematics.
Also known as:
(formerly Applied Mathematics 415)
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Mathematics
429
|
Cryptography: Design and Analysis of Cryptosystems
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Review of basic algorithms and complexity. Designing and attacking public key cryptosystems based on number theory. Basic techniques for primality testing, factoring and extracting discrete logarithms. Elliptic curve cryptography. Additional topics may include knapsack systems, zero knowledge, attacks on hash functions, identity-based cryptography, and quantum cryptography.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-0)
Prerequisite(s):
One of Mathematics 315, Pure Mathematics 315 or 317; one of Mathematics 318, Pure Mathematics 329, 418 or Computer Science 418.
Also known as:
(formerly Pure Mathematics 429)
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Mathematics
431
|
Algebra II
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Group theory: Sylow theorems, solvable, nilpotent and p-groups, simplicity of alternating groups and PSL(n,q), structure theory of finite abelian groups; field theory: fields, algebraic and transcendental extensions, separability and normality, Galois theory, insolvability of the general quintic equation, computation of Galois groups over the rationals.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-0)
Prerequisite(s):
Mathematics 311 or 313; one of Mathematics 315, Pure Mathematics 315 or 317.
Also known as:
(formerly Pure Mathematics 431)
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Mathematics
433
|
Mathematical Methods in Physics
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Fourier analysis. Laplace Transforms. Partial differential equations. Complex analysis. Residue integrals. Extensive physical applications.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-1T)
Prerequisite(s):
One of Mathematics 375, 376 or Applied Mathematics 311; Mathematics 367 or 377; Mathematics 211 or 213.
Notes:
This course is not part of the Field of Mathematics.
Also known as:
(formerly Applied Mathematics 433)
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Mathematics
445
|
Analysis II
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Basic topology of metric spaces and normed vector spaces. Complete metric spaces and the Baire category theorem. Continuous functions on compact metric spaces and uniform convergence. The contraction mapping principle and applications. The Stone-Weierstrass and Arzelà a-Ascoli theorems. Differentiability on Euclidean spaces. The implicit and inverse function theorems.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-0)
Prerequisite(s):
Mathematics 367 or 377; one of Mathematics 311, 313, 351 or 411; Mathematics 335 or 355.
Antirequisite(s):
Credit for Mathematics 445 and 447 will not be allowed.
          Â
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Mathematics
447
|
Enriched Analysis II
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Basic topology of metric spaces and normed vector spaces. Complete metric spaces and the Baire category theorem. Continuous functions on compact metric spaces and uniform convergence. The contraction mapping principle and applications. The Stone-Weierstrass and Arzelà -Ascoli theorems. Differentiability on Euclidean spaces. The implicit and inverse function theorems.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-0)
Prerequisite(s):
Mathematics 367 or 377; Mathematics 313 or "B+" or higher in Mathematics 311; Mathematics 355 or "B+" or higher in Mathematics 335.
Antirequisite(s):
Credit for Mathematics 447 and either Mathematics 445 or Pure Mathematics 545 will not be allowed.
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Mathematics
476
|
Differential Equations II
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Existence and uniqueness theorems, comparison and oscillation theorems, Green's functions, Sturm-Liouville problems, systems of equations, phase portraits, stability.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-1T)
Prerequisite(s):
One of Mathematics 375, 376 or Applied Mathematics 311; one of Mathematics 367, 377 or 331; Mathematics 335 or 355.
Also known as:
(formerly Applied Mathematics 411)
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Mathematics
493
|
Numerical Analysis II
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Numerical solution of ordinary differential equations, single and multi-step methods, numerical solution of boundary value problems, numerical solution of partial differential equations, stability analysis.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-1T)
Prerequisite(s):
One of Mathematics 331, 375, 376 or Applied Mathematics 311; and one of Mathematics 413, 375 or Applied Mathematics 413; and one of Mathematics 391, Applied Mathematics 491, Computer Science 491 or Geophysics 419.
Also known as:
(formerly Applied Mathematics 493)
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Mathematics
501
|
Measure and Integration
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Abstract measure theory, basic integration theorems, Fubini's theorem, Radon-Nikodym theorem, Lp Spaces, Riesz representation theorems.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-0)
Prerequisite(s):
Mathematics 445 or 447; and 3 units of Mathematics in the Field of Mathematics at the 400 level or higher.
Antirequisite(s):
Credit for Mathematics 501 and any one of Mathematics 601, Pure Mathematics 501 or 601 will not be allowed.
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Mathematics
502
|
Topics in Mathematics
|
|
Topics will be chosen according to the interests of instructors and students.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-0)
Prerequisite(s):
Any two Mathematics courses in the Field of Mathematics at the 400 level or above.
Also known as:
(formerly Pure Mathematics 503)
MAY BE REPEATED FOR CREDIT
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Mathematics
503
|
The Mathematics of Wavelets, Signal and Image Processing
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Continuous and discrete Fourier transforms, the Fast Fourier Transform, wavelet transforms, multiresolution analysis and orthogonal wavelet bases, and applications.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-0)
Prerequisite(s):
One of Mathematics 391, Applied Mathematics 491, Computer Science 491 or Geophysics 419; 6 units of Mathematics in the Field of Mathematics at the 400 level or above.
Also known as:
(formerly Applied Mathematics 503)
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Mathematics
505
|
Calculus on Manifolds
|
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Integral and differential calculus on manifolds including tensor fields, covariant differentiation, Lie differentiation, differential forms, Frobenius' theorem, Stokes' theorem, flows of vector fields.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-0)
Prerequisite(s):
Mathematics 445 or 447; and one of Mathematics 375, 376 or Applied Mathematics 311.
Also known as:
(formerly Applied Mathematics 505)
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Mathematics
511
|
Algebra III
|
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Linear algebra: Modules, direct sums and free modules, tensor products, linear algebra over modules, finitely generated modules over PIDs, canonical forms, computing invariant factors from presentations; projective, injective and flat modules.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-0)
Prerequisite(s):
One of Mathematics 313, 351, 411, 431 or Pure Mathematics 431; 3 units of Mathematics in the Field of Mathematics at the 400 level or higher.
Antirequisite(s):
Credit for Mathematics 511 and either 607 or Pure Mathematics 611 will not be allowed.
Also known as:
(formerly Pure Mathematics 511)
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Mathematics
515
|
Foundations
|
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Set theory, mathematical logic, and category theory. Topics covered will vary based on interests of students and instructor.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-0)
Prerequisite(s):
Mathematics 431 or Pure Mathematics 431; 3 units of Mathematics from the Field of Mathematics at the 400 level or above.
Also known as:
(formerly Pure Mathematics 415)
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Mathematics
516
|
Senior Project
|
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A capstone course intended for Mathematics students in the final year of study (excluding those in the honours program or the statistics concentration). Students will investigate scientific or social issues by applying mathematical methods acquired in previous mathematics courses. A final project will be submitted at the end of the term and its contents summarized in a presentation.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(1.5-3)
Prerequisite(s):
6 units in the Field of Mathematics at the 400 level or above.
Antirequisite(s):
Credit for Mathematics 516 and 518 will not be allowed.
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Mathematics
518
|
Honours Thesis
|
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A capstone course intended for Honours Mathematics students in their final year of study. Students will produce and present a substantial thesis under the supervision of faculty. The emphasis is on how to address theoretical or real world scientific or social issues by applying the various mathematical methods acquired in the earlier years in a unified and appropriate way.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(1.5-3)
Prerequisite(s):
6 units in the Field of Mathematics at the 400 level or above.
Antirequisite(s):
Credit for Mathematics 518 and 516 will not be allowed.
Notes:
This course extends over the Fall and Winter Terms. Students will meet regularly with their thesis supervisors during the terms. Students submit a thesis, and the course culminates in a series of student presentations. A grade of "B" or higher is required for the Honours program. Students are advised to consult with the Undergraduate Director for information and advice before registration into the course. Students earning an Honours degree in Mathematics along with a concentration in Statistics must complete both Mathematics 518 and Statistics 517.
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Mathematics
521
|
Complex Analysis II
|
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A rigorous study of function of a single complex variable. Holomorphic function, Cauchy integral formula and its applications. Conformal mappings. Fractional linear transformations. Argument principle. Schwarz lemma. Conformal self-maps of the unit disk.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-0)
Prerequisite(s):
One of Mathematics 307, 421 or 423; Mathematics 445 or 447; 3 units of Mathematics in the Field of Mathematics at the 400 level or above.
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Mathematics
525
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Introduction to Algebraic Topology
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An introduction to the algebraic invariants that distinguish topological spaces. Specifically, the course focuses on the fundamental group and its applications, and homology. Students will be introduced to the basics of homological algebra.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-0)
Prerequisite(s):
Mathematics 431 and one of Mathematics 445 or 447.
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Mathematics
527
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Computational Number Theory
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An investigation of major problems in computational number theory, with emphasis on practical techniques and their computational complexity. Topics include basic integer arithmetic algorithms, finite fields, primality proving, factoring methods, algorithms in algebraic number fields.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-0)
Prerequisite(s):
Mathematics 431 or Pure Mathematics 431; Mathematics 429 or Pure Mathematics 429 or Mathematics 327 or Pure Mathematics 427.
Antirequisite(s):
Credit for Mathematics 527 and either Pure Mathematics 527 or 643 will not be allowed.
Also known as:
(formerly Pure Mathematics 527)
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Mathematics
545
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Analysis III
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Sequences and series of functions; Lebesgue integration on the line, Fourier series and the Fourier transform, pointwise convergence theorems, distributions and generalized functions.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-0)
Prerequisite(s):
Mathematics 445 or 447; 3 units of Mathematics in the Field of Mathematics at the 400 level or above.
Antirequisite(s):
Credit for Mathematics 545 and 603 will not be allowed.
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Mathematics
581
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Stochastic Calculus for Finance
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Martingales in discrete and continuous time, risk-neutral valuations, discrete- and continuous-time (B,S)-security markets, Cox-Ross-Rubinstein formula, Wiener and Poisson processes, Ito formula, stochastic differential equations, Girsanov’s theorem, Black-Scholes and Merton formulas, stopping times and American options, stochastic interest rates and their derivatives, energy and commodity models and derivatives, value-at-risk and risk management.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-0)
Prerequisite(s):
Mathematics 383 or Applied Mathematics 481; 6 units of Mathematics in the Field of Mathematics at the 400 level or above.
Antirequisite(s):
Credit for Mathematics 581 and Applied Mathematics 681 will not be allowed.
Also known as:
(formerly Applied Mathematics 581)
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Mathematics
583
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Computational Finance
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Review of financial asset price and option valuation models; model calibration; tree-based methods; finite-difference methods; Monte Carlo simulation; Fourier methods.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-0)
Prerequisite(s):
Mathematics 381 or Applied Mathematics 481; Mathematics 413 or Applied Mathematics 413; Mathematics 493 or Applied Mathematics 493.
Antirequisite(s):
Credit for Mathematics 583 and Applied Mathematics 683 will not be allowed.
Also known as:
(formerly Applied Mathematics 583)
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Mathematics
600
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Research Seminar
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A professional skills course, focusing on the development of technical proficiencies that are essential to succeed as practicing mathematicians in academia, government, or industry. The emphasis is on delivering professional presentations and using modern mathematical research tools. A high level of active student participation is required.
Course Hours:
1.5 units; Q(3S-0)
Prerequisite(s):
Admission to a graduate program in Mathematics and Statistics or consent of the Department.
MAY BE REPEATED FOR CREDIT
NOT INCLUDED IN GPA
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Mathematics
601
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Measure and Integration
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Abstract measure theory, basic integration theorems, Fubini's theorem, Radon-Nikodym theorem, Lp spaces, Riesz representation theorem.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-0)
Prerequisite(s):
Admission to a graduate program in Mathematics and Statistics or consent of the Department.
Antirequisite(s):
Credit for Mathematics 601 and either Mathematics 501 or Pure Mathematics 501 will not be allowed.
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Mathematics
603
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Analysis III
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Sequences and series of functions; Lebesgue integration on the line, Fourier series and the Fourier transform, pointwise convergence theorems, distributions and generalized functions.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-0)
Prerequisite(s):
Admission to a graduate program in Mathematics and Statistics or consent of the Department.
Antirequisite(s):
Credit for Mathematics 603 and either Mathematics 545 or Pure Mathematics 545 will not be allowed.
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Mathematics
605
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Differential Equations III
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Systems of ordinary differential equations. Existence and uniqueness. Introduction to partial differential equations.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-0)
Prerequisite(s):
Admission to a graduate program in Mathematics and Statistics or consent of the Department.
Antirequisite(s):
Credit for Mathematics 605 and Applied Mathematics 605 will not be allowed.
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Mathematics
607
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Algebra III
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A sophisticated introduction to modules over rings, especially commutative rings with identity. Major topics include: snake lemma; free modules; tensor product; hom-tensor duality; finitely presented modules; invariant factors; free resolutions; and the classification of finitely generated modules over principal ideal domains. Adjoint functors play a large role. The course includes applications to linear algebra, including rational canonical form and Jordan canonical form.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-0)
Prerequisite(s):
Admission to a graduate program in Mathematics and Statistics or consent of the Department.
Antirequisite(s):
Credit for Mathematics 607 and any of Pure Mathematics 511, 607 or 611 will not be allowed.
 Â
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Mathematics
617
|
Functional Analysis
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Introduction to Hilbert and Banach spaces, linear operators, weak topologies, and the operator spectrum.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-0)
Prerequisite(s):
Admission to a graduate program in Mathematics and Statistics or consent of the Department.
Antirequisite(s):
Credit for Mathematics 617 and Applied Mathematics 617 will not be allowed. Â
  Â
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Mathematics
621
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Complex Analysis
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A rigorous study of function of a single complex variable. Holomorphic function, Cauchy integral formula and its applications. Conformal mappings. Fractional linear transformations. Argument principle. Schwarz lemma. Conformal self-maps of the unit disk.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-0)
Prerequisite(s):
Admission to a graduate program in Mathematics and Statistics or consent of the Department.
Antirequisite(s):
Credit for Mathematics 621 and 521 will not be allowed.
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Mathematics
625
|
Introduction to Algebraic Topology
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Introduction to the algebraic invariants that distinguish topological spaces. Focuses on the fundamental group and its applications, and homology. Introduction to the basics of homological algebra.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-0)
Prerequisite(s):
Admission to a graduate program in Mathematics and Statistics or consent of the Department.
Antirequisite(s):
Credit for Mathematics 625 and either Mathematics 525 or Pure Mathematics 607 will not be allowed.       Â
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Mathematics
627
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Algebraic Geometry
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The objective of this course is to provide an introduction to modern algebraic geometry sufficient to allow students to read research papers in their fields which use the language of schemes. Topics will include Spectra of rings; the Zariski topology; affine schemes; sheaves; ringed spaces; schemes; morphisms of finite type; arithmetic schemes; varieties; projective varieties; finite morphisms, unramified morphisms; etale morphisms.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-0)
Prerequisite(s):
Admission to a graduate program in Mathematics and Statistics or consent of the Department.
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Mathematics
631
|
Discrete Mathematics
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Discrete Geometry: Euclidean, spherical and hyperbolic n-spaces, trigonometry, isometries, convex sets, convex polytopes, (mixed) volume(s), classical discrete groups, tilings, isoperimetric inequalities, packings, coverings. Graph Theory: connectivity; trees; Euler trails and tours; Hamilton cycles and paths; matchings; edge colourings; vertex colourings; homomorphisms; plane and planar graphs; extremal graph theory and Ramsey theory.
631.01. Discrete Geometry
631.03. Graph Theory
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-0)
Prerequisite(s):
Admission to a graduate program in Mathematics and Statistics or consent of the Department.
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Mathematics
635
|
Geometry of Numbers
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The interplay of the group-theoretic notion of lattice and the geometric concept of convex set, the lattices representing periodicity, the convex sets geometry. Topics include convex bodies and lattice points, the critical determinant, the covering constant and the inhomogeneous determinant of a set, Star bodies, methods related to the above, and homogeneous and inhomogeneous forms.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-0)
Prerequisite(s):
Admission to a graduate program in Mathematics and Statistics or consent of the Department.
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Mathematics
637
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Infinite Combinatorics
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An excursion into the infinite world, from Ramsey Theory on the natural numbers, to applications in Number Theory and Banach Spaces, introduction to tools in Model Theory and Logic, fascinating homogeneous structures such as the rationals and the Rado graph, and possibly further explorations into the larger infinite world.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-0)
Prerequisite(s):
Admission to a graduate program in Mathematics and Statistics or consent of the Department.
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Mathematics
641
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Number Theory
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Algebraic Number Theory: an introduction to number fields, rings of integers, ideals, unique factorization, the different and the discriminant. The main objective to the course will be to prove the finiteness of the class number and Dirichlet's Unit Theorem.
Analytic Number Theory: students will learn tools to aid in the study of the average behaviour of arithmetic functions, including the use of zeta functions, to prove results about the distribution of prime numbers.
641.01. Algebraic Number Theory
641.03. Analytic Number Theory
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-0)
Prerequisite(s):
Admission to a graduate program in Mathematics and Statistics or consent of the Department.
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Mathematics
643
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Computational Number Theory
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An investigation of major problems in computational number theory, with emphasis on practical techniques and their computational complexity. Topics include basic integer arithmetic algorithms, finite fields, primality proving, factoring methods, algorithms in algebraic number fields.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-0)
Prerequisite(s):
Admission to a graduate program in Mathematics and Statistics or consent of the Department.
Antirequisite(s):
Credit for Mathematics 643 and any of Mathematics 527, Pure Mathematics 527, or Pure Mathematics 627 will not be allowed.
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Mathematics
647
|
Modular Forms
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Modular forms and automorphic representations and their L-functions. Modularity Theorem from two perspectives.
Classical Perspective on Modular Forms: introduction to modular curves as moduli spaces for elliptic curves and as differential forms on modular curves. A study of L-functions attached to modular forms and the modularity theorem.
An Introduction to Automorphic Representations: introduction to the Langlands Programme. A study of partial L-functions attached to automorphic representations and known instances of the Langlands Correspondence.
647.01. Classical Perspective on Modular Forms
647.03. An Introduction to Automorphic Representations
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-0)
Prerequisite(s):
Admission to a graduate program in Mathematics and Statistics or consent of the Department.
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Mathematics
651
|
Topics in Applied Mathematics
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Topics will be chosen according to the interest of the instructors and students.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-0)
Prerequisite(s):
Admission to a graduate program in Mathematics and Statistics or consent of the Department.
Also known as:
(formerly Applied Mathematics 603)
MAY BE REPEATED FOR CREDIT
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Mathematics
653
|
Topics in Pure Mathematics
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|
Topics will be chosen according to the interest of the instructors and students.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-0)
Prerequisite(s):
Admission to a graduate program in Mathematics and Statistics or consent of the Department.
Also known as:
(formerly Pure Mathematics 603)
MAY BE REPEATED FOR CREDIT
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Mathematics
661
|
Scientific Modelling and Computation I
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The Convex Optimization: an introduction to modern convex optimization, including basics of convex analysis and duality, linear conic programming, robust optimization, and applications.
Scientific Computation: an introduction to both the methodological and the implementation components underlying the modern scientific computations with the natural emphasis on linear algebra, including modern computing architecture and its implications for the numerical algorithms.
Numerical Differential Equations: fundamentals of solving DEs numerically addressing the existence, stability and efficiency of such methods.
661.01. Convex Optimization
661.03. Scientific Computation
661.05. Numerical Differential Equations
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-0)
Prerequisite(s):
Admission to a graduate program in Mathematics and Statistics or consent of the Department.
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Mathematics
663
|
Applied Analysis
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Interior Point Methods: exposes students to the modern IPM theory with some applications, to the extent that at the end of the course a student should be able to implement a basic IPM algorithm.
Theoretical Numerical Analysis: provides the theoretical underpinnings for the analysis of modern numerical methods, covering topics such as linear operators on normed spaces, approximation theory, nonlinear equations in Banach spaces, Fourier analysis, Sobolev spaces and weak formulations of elliptic boundary value problems, with applications to finite difference, finite element and wavelet methods.
Differential Equations: essential ideas relating to the analysis of differential equations from a functional analysis point of view. General topics include Hilbert spaces and the Lax-Milgram’s theorem, variational formulation of boundary value problems, finite element methods, Sobolev spaces, distributions, and pseudo-differential operators.
663.01. Interior Point Methods
663.03. Theoretical Numerical Analysis
663.05. Differential Equations
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-0)
Prerequisite(s):
Admission to a graduate program in Mathematics and Statistics or consent of the Department.
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Mathematics
667
|
Introduction to Quantum Information
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Focus on the mathematical treatment of a broad range of topics in quantum Shannon theory. Topics include quantum states, quantum channels, quantum measurements, completely positive maps, NeumarkÃs theorem, Stinespring dilation theorem, Choi-Jamiolkowski isomorphism, the theory of majorization and entanglement, the Peres-Horodecki criterion for separability, Shannon’s noiseless and noisy channel coding theorems, Lieb’s theorem and the strong subadditivity of the von Neumann entropy, Schumacher’s quantum noiseless channel coding theorem, and the Holevo-Schumacher-Westmoreland theorem.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-0)
Prerequisite(s):
Admission to a graduate program in Mathematics and Statistics or consent of the Department.
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Mathematics
669
|
Scientific Modelling and Computation II
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Wavelet Analysis: covers the design and implementation of wavelet methods for modern signal processing, particularly for one- and two-dimensional signals (audio and images).
Mathematical Biology: introduction to discrete models of mathematical biology, including difference equations, models of population dynamics and the like. Topics include stability of models describe by difference equations, continuous spatially homogeneous processes and spatially distributed models.
669.01. Wavelet Analysis
669.03. Mathematical Biology
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-0)
Prerequisite(s):
Admission to a graduate program in Mathematics and Statistics or consent of the Department.
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Mathematics
681
|
Stochastic Calculus for Finance
|
|
Martingales in discrete and continuous time, risk-neutral valuations, discrete- and continuous-time (B,S)-security markets, the Cox-Ross-Rubinstein formula, Wiener and Poisson processes, Itô’s formula, stochastic differential equations, Girsanov’s theorem, the Black-Scholes and Merton formulas, stopping times and American options, stochastic interest rates and their derivatives, energy and commodity models and derivatives, value-at-risk and risk management.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-0)
Prerequisite(s):
Admission to a graduate program in Mathematics and Statistics or consent of the Department.
Antirequisite(s):
Credit for Mathematics 681 and any one of Mathematics 581, Applied Mathematics 681, or Applied Mathematics 581 will not be allowed.
Also known as:
(formerly Applied Mathematics 681)
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Mathematics
683
|
Computational Finance
|
|
Basic computational techniques required for expertise quantitative finance. Topics include basic econometric techniques (model calibration), tree-based methods, finite-difference methods, Fourier methods, Monte Carlo simulation and quasi-Monte Carlo methods.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-0)
Prerequisite(s):
Admission to a graduate program in Mathematics and Statistics or consent of the Department.
Antirequisite(s):
Credit for Mathematics 683 and any one of Mathematics 583, Applied Mathematics 683, or Applied Mathematics 583 will not be allowed.   Â
Also known as:
(formerly Applied Mathematics 683)
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Mathematics
685
|
Stochastic Processes
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|
Stochastic processes are fundamental to the study of mathematical finance, but are also of vital importance in many other areas, from neuroscience to electrical engineering. Topics to be covered: Elements of stochastic processes, Markov chains and processes, Renewal processes, Martingales (discrete and continuous times), Brownian motion, Branching processes, Stationary processes, Diffusion processes, The Feynman-Kac formula, Kolmogorov backward/forward equations, Dynkin’s formula.
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-0)
Prerequisite(s):
Admission to a graduate program in Mathematics and Statistics or consent of the Department.
Antirequisite(s):
Credit for Mathematics 685 and Statistics 761Â will not be allowed.
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Mathematics
691
|
Advanced Mathematical Finance I
|
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Topics include specific areas of mathematical finance and build on Mathematics 681.
Lévy Processes (LP): fundamental concepts associated with LP such as infinite divisibility, the Lévy-Khintchine formula, the Lévy-Itô decomposition, subordinators, LP as time-changed Brownian motions, and also dealing with semi-groups and generators of LP, the Itô formula for LP, the Girsanov theorem, stochastic differential equations driven by LP, the Feynman-Kac formula, applications of LP and numerical simulation of LP.
Credit Risk: corporate bond markets, modelling the bankruptcy risk of a firm, and understanding how corporate bonds are priced.
691.01. Lévy Processes
691.03. Credit Risk
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-0)
Prerequisite(s):
Mathematics 681 and admission to a graduate program in Mathematics and Statistics or consent of the Department.
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Mathematics
693
|
Advanced Mathematical Finance II
|
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|
Topics include specific areas of mathematical finance and build on Mathematics 681 and 683.
Monte Carlo Methods for Quantitative Finance: random number generation, simulation of stochastic differential equations, option valuation, variance reduction techniques, quasi-Monte Carlo methods, computing ‘greeks', valuation of path-dependent and early-exercise options; applications to risk management; Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods.
Energy, Commodity and Environmental Finance: energy and commodity markets; spot, futures, forwards and swap contracts; the theory of storage; stochastic models for energy prices; model calibration; emissions market modelling; weather derivatives; energy risk management; energy option valuation.
693.01 Monte Carlo Methods for Quantitative Finance
693.03 Energy, Commodity and Environmental Finance
Course Hours:
3 units; H(3-0)
Prerequisite(s):
Mathematics 681 and 683 and admission to a graduate program in Mathematics and Statistics or consent of the Department.
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COURSES OF INSTRUCTION